HEATS Act

What this measure contains

Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources Act or the HEATS Act This bill exempts certain geothermal activities on state and private lands (except Indian lands) from drilling permit requirements as well as environmental and historic preservation review requirements. First, the bill prohibits the Department of the Interior from requiring an operator to obtain a drilling permit under the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 for any geothermal exploration and production activity conducted on a nonfederal surface estate (i.e., the part of the estate that is above ground) if (1) the United States holds an ownership interest of less than 50% of the subsurface geothermal estate to be accessed by the proposed action, and (2) the operator submits to Interior a state permit to conduct the geothermal exploration and production activity on the nonfederal surface estate. Next, the bill states that such geothermal exploration and production activity is not considered a major federal action under National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Thus, such activity does not trigger NEPA's environmental review requirements. In addition, the bill exempts such activity from the consultation requirements under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. It also exempts the activity from review under the National Historic Preservation Act unless the state in which the activity occurs does not have a state law that addresses the preservation of historic properties.

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Bill text and versions

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• Referred in Senate · Official document ↗· Apr 28, 2026
• Engrossed in House · Official document ↗· Apr 23, 2026
• Reported in House · Official document ↗· Apr 15, 2026
• Introduced in House · Official document ↗· Sep 26, 2025

Legislative path

Each stage below is a House or Senate floor decision: every recorded roll call on this measure, plus passage by voice vote or unanimous consent, which records no individual votes. Each stage shows the latest version published before that day; the chamber may have voted on an amended text. Roll calls name every member. A member's row follows their votes, and a highlighted vote marks where they voted for advancing the measure at one stage and against it at another (passage, cloture, motions to proceed, agreeing to the other chamber's version). Amendments and motions such as recommit or table don't count as a change, because an aye there isn't a vote for the measure.

1. Introduced in House
2. Reported in House
3. Engrossed in Houseby House passage
4. Referred in Senate

Companion measure: S. 4975. A companion follows its own path; its votes are not combined with this one.

Decision stages

1. Apr 23, 2026 · House

   House passage on Reported in House: Passed, reported as Engrossed in House

   231 aye · 186 no · 12 not voting · Source roll call

House members along the path

Aye yea or aye · No nay or no · Present · NV not voting · Changed reversed on advancing the measure

Members are identified by the Bioguide ID in each roll call, not by name. Not voting is not a no vote; a blank cell means the member wasn't listed for that roll call.Congress.gov actions ↗

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Legislative history

1. Sep 26, 2025

   Introduced in House

2. Sep 26, 2025

   Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.

3. Dec 9, 2025

   Referred to the Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources.

4. Dec 16, 2025

   Subcommittee Hearings Held

5. Mar 5, 2026

   Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources Discharged

6. Mar 5, 2026

   Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

7. Mar 5, 2026

   Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 23 - 15.

8. Apr 15, 2026

   Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Natural Resources. H. Rept. 119-613.

9. Apr 15, 2026

   Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 531.

10. Apr 20, 2026

    Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 1189 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4690, H. Res. 1182, H.R. 1897 and H.R. 5587. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4690, H. Res. 1182, H.R. 1897, and H.R. 5587 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate on each measure. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 4690, H.R. 1897, and H.R. 5587.

11. Apr 22, 2026

    Rule H. Res. 1189 passed House.

12. Apr 23, 2026

    Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 1189. (consideration: CR H3073-3077)

13. Apr 23, 2026

    Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4690, H. Res. 1182, H.R. 1897 and H.R. 5587. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4690, H. Res. 1182, H.R. 1897, and H.R. 5587 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate on each measure. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 4690, H.R. 1897, and H.R. 5587.

14. Apr 23, 2026

    DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 5587.

15. Apr 23, 2026

    The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.

16. Apr 23, 2026

    Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 231 - 186 (Roll no. 137). (text: CR H3073)

17. Apr 23, 2026

    On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 231 - 186 (Roll no. 137). (text: CR H3073)

18. Apr 23, 2026

    Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

19. Apr 28, 2026

    Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

20. Jul 15, 2026

    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, Forests, and Mining. Hearings held.

Bill sponsors